LIVE — Enforcement tracker · Deadline dashboard · Transposition status — View regulatory intelligence →

How CBAM impacts Turkish exports to the EU — steel (#2 exporter, +64% growth), aluminium (#3, +95%), cement (#1, 2,434 kt) — and what it means for your supply chain

Turkey is the most diversified third-country exporter to the EU across CBAM sectors. In steel, Turkey is the EU’s second-largest supplier and growing at +64%. In aluminium, Turkey ranks third (excluding exempt countries) with +95% growth. In cement, Turkey is the largest supplier at 2,434 kt. Turkey’s steel industry is dominated by electric arc furnaces (EAF), which have lower direct emissions than blast furnace (BF-BOF) operations but still generate a default value of 4.097 tCO₂e/t under Implementing Reg. (EU) 2025/2621. Turkey is developing an emissions trading system but no operational carbon pricing mechanism qualifies for an Art. 9 deduction today. CBAMCheck covers all Turkish sectors with preconfigured defaults. 12 deliverables. €299.

Generate your CBAM dossier — €299Free check: does CBAM apply to you?

€299 · One-time · 12 professional deliverables · Your data never leaves your browser

Built on Reg. (EU) 2023/956 · Modified by Reg. (EU) 2025/2083 · 13,566 default values (Reg. 2025/2621) · 100% browser-side — your data never leaves your device

The numbers that matter for your CBAM compliance

Steel #2
Turkey is the EU’s 2nd-largest steel supplier, growing +64%
Cement #1
2,434 kt — largest cement/clinker supplier to the EU
4.097
tCO₂e/t — Turkey steel default (EAF-dominant, not BF-BOF)

Your CBAM compliance timeline

1
Understand Turkey’s CBAM exposure
Turkey exports steel, aluminium, cement and fertilisers to the EU — all CBAM-covered. The country is the most diversified CBAM-exposed origin.
2
Steel: EAF vs BF-BOF
Turkey’s steel industry is dominated by EAF (electric arc furnaces using scrap), which have lower direct emissions than blast furnaces. This gives Turkey a lower default than China (4.481) or India (5.374) but higher than Japan (2.743).
3
Aluminium: growing fast
Turkey’s aluminium exports to the EU grew +95%. Default: 3.323 tCO₂e/t — lower than China’s 4.928 but without an Art. 9 deduction.
4
Cement: #1 supplier
Turkey exported 2,434 kt of clinker/cement to the EU. Default: 1.95 tCO₂e/t. The highest among major cement suppliers.
5
No Art. 9 deduction today
Turkey is developing an ETS but no system qualifies for a deduction. Monitor developments.
6
CBAMCheck covers all Turkish sectors
Steel, aluminium, cement, fertilisers — all with Turkey-specific defaults preconfigured.

Three mistakes that inflate your CBAM cost or create compliance risk

MISTAKE 1 — SINGLE-SECTOR VIEW

Evaluating Turkish CBAM exposure in only one sector

Turkey’s exposure is multi-sector. Importers buying steel and cement from the same Turkish industrial group need dossiers for both.

MISTAKE 2 — BF-BOF ASSUMPTION

Assuming Turkish steel has the same profile as Chinese or Indian steel

Turkey’s EAF-dominant industry has a different emission profile. The 4.097 default reflects this — lower than BF-BOF-heavy origins.

MISTAKE 3 — FUTURE ETS ASSUMPTION

Claiming an Art. 9 deduction for a Turkish carbon price that does not yet exist

Turkey is developing its ETS but no operational system qualifies today. Using a non-existent deduction produces a non-compliant declaration.

What you receive: 12 deliverables in one ZIP file

CBAMCheck generates a complete CBAM compliance dossier — not a single PDF. 12 structured documents delivered as a ZIP file, each citing the specific article of Reg. (EU) 2023/956 it addresses.

1

Scope Assessment

Determines whether your imports fall under CBAM and which obligations apply. Art. 2 + Art. 2a of Reg. (EU) 2023/956.

2

Embedded Emissions Calculation

Calculates embedded emissions per tonne using default values from Implementing Reg. (EU) 2025/2621 or your actual data. Art. 7 + Annex IV.

3

CBAM Certificate Estimation

Estimates the number of certificates required and the projected cost, adjusted for free allocation (Art. 31).

4

Draft CBAM Declaration

Pre-structured declaration following Art. 6(2) requirements.

5

Carbon Price Documentation

Documents any carbon price paid in the country of origin for Art. 9 deduction.

6

Annex V Record Template

Record-keeping template compliant with Annex V requirements.

7

Verification Preparation

Structured preparation for Art. 8 verification. Annex VI checklist included.

8

Supplier Letter Template

Model letter requesting emissions data from your third-country supplier.

9

Compliance Calendar (.ics)

Importable calendar with quarterly certificate obligations, annual declaration deadline and key milestones.

10

Executive Summary

One-page CBAM exposure overview for management reporting.

11

Interactive HTML Dashboard

Standalone dashboard with 2026–2032 projections. Works offline.

12

Compliance Calendar Document

Visual calendar of all CBAM deadlines and schedules.

Generated from your input data, in your browser. No data leaves your device.

See what you get

Download a sample CBAMCheck dossier. This is a real output generated with generic data — the same 12 deliverables you will receive with your company’s actual figures.

Download sample dossier (ZIP)

Generic data. Your dossier will contain your actual import figures, CN codes and emission calculations.

Estimate your CBAM exposure

Select your sector and country of origin. CBAMCheck searches through 13,566 official records from Implementing Reg. (EU) 2025/2621 and shows the result with the 2026 mark-up included.

Quick CBAM Calculator

Average European Commission default values per sector and country of origin.

Default emissions (tCO₂e/t)
Mark-up 2026 (10%)
Total emissions with mark-up
CBAM rate 2026 (2.5%)
Estimated certificates

This is a quick estimate. Your complete dossier includes projections through 2032, an editable interactive dashboard, and 10 PDF documents.

Generate your complete dossier — €299 →

Average values per sector from Implementing Reg. (EU) 2025/2621. The complete dossier uses the exact CN code of your goods, not the sector average. Estimated EU ETS price: €75/tCO₂e.

What CBAM compliance costs with each alternative

FeatureFree toolCBAMCheckSaaS Enterprise
PriceFree€299 (one-time)€1,990–€4,800/year
ModelGeneric template12 professional deliverablesAnnual subscription
Default valuesNot included13,566 (Reg. 2025/2621)Partial
Interactive dashboardNoHTML, 7-year projectionInside platform
Supplier letterNoEnglish template includedVariable
Art. 8 verification prepNoIncludedVariable
PrivacyVariable100% browser-sideData on server

Choose your licence

1 DOSSIER
€299
/ dossier

  • 10 professional PDF documents
  • Interactive HTML Dashboard (projection 2026–2032)
  • 13,566 official values integrated
  • Template letter in English for supplier
  • Importable .ics calendar
  • 10 regenerations · 30 days
  • 1 licence = 1 importing company
Get your individual licence →
PROFESSIONAL PACK
€1,999
70 generations · 1 key

  • 70 generations with a single key
  • 70 complete dossiers (12 deliverables each)
  • Switch product between generations
  • Ideal for customs representatives
  • For consultants billing CBAM compliance
70 interactive HTML Dashboards × product (projection 2026–2032). Real-time tables and charts with variable calculations. No technical training required. Fully intuitive.
🔒 Data stays on your computer. No information shared with third parties.
Request Professional Pack →

How your licence works

1
1 licence = 1 importing company. You pay €299 for the dossier you generate now. The licence is linked to your company name + EORI.
2
Up to 10 regenerations of the ZIP to correct data, adjust goods or update technical information.
3
30-day editing window from first activation. Within that period you can regenerate the dossier as many times as needed (up to 10).
4
The downloaded dossier is yours forever. It does not expire and is not tied to any subscription.

The EU CBAM portal asks for data. CBAMCheck calculates it.

THE EU CBAM PORTAL

Asks you to declare data

The EU CBAM Registry (Art. 14) requires you to submit total embedded emissions, number of certificates and carbon price documentation. It does not calculate these for you. You must arrive with the numbers ready.

CBAMCHECK

Calculates the data you need to declare

CBAMCheck takes your import data (tonnes, CN codes, country of origin) and generates the embedded emissions calculation, certificate estimation, carbon price documentation and all supporting records. You download the dossier and use it to complete the CBAM Registry submission.

Enforcement: what happens when CBAM certificates are missing

Art. 26 of Reg. (EU) 2023/956 sets the penalties.

⚠️
Authorised declarant: penalty identical to EU ETS excess emissions penalty
EU ETS rate per missing certificate

Art. 26(1): an authorised CBAM declarant who fails to surrender the required certificates by 30 September faces a penalty identical to the excess emissions penalty under Art. 16(3) of Directive 2003/87/EC, increased pursuant to Art. 16(4). Payment does not release the obligation to surrender outstanding certificates (Art. 26(3)).

⚠️
Unauthorised importer: penalty 3–5 times the standard rate
3–5×

Art. 26(2): a person who introduces goods without authorisation faces a penalty of 3 to 5 times the standard penalty. This also applies to importers exceeding the de minimis threshold (50 tonnes, Art. 2a) without authorisation (Art. 26(2a)).

Importing steel, aluminium and cement from Turkey? Multi-sector CBAM exposure.

Professional Pack: 70 generations. One dossier per sector, per supplier. Turkey’s multi-sector exposure covered.

Request Professional Pack
One-business-day response · No sales call required

What CBAMCheck guarantees and what it does not

CBAMCheck generates a document structured according to Art. 6 and Art. 7 + Annex IV of Regulation (EU) 2023/956 from the information you enter. The truthfulness, accuracy and completeness of that information is your responsibility as importer or authorised CBAM declarant.

We guarantee that the document structure follows Regulation (EU) 2023/956 and that the legal references cited are correct. We do not guarantee that a specific document will be accepted by a national competent authority in a specific case.

CBAMCheck is not legal advice. For specific situations, consult a lawyer or specialised regulatory consultancy.

Frequently asked questions

How important is Turkey as a CBAM-exposed origin?
Turkey is the most diversified: #2 in steel (+64%), #3 in aluminium (+95%), #1 in cement (2,434 kt). No other single country has this breadth of exposure.
Why is Turkey’s steel default lower than China’s?
Turkey’s steel industry is EAF-dominant (electric arc furnaces using scrap), which has lower direct emissions than China’s BF-BOF (blast furnace) dominant industry. Turkey: 4.097. China: 4.481. India: 5.374.
Does Turkey have a carbon price?
Turkey is developing an emissions trading system but no operational mechanism qualifies for Art. 9 deduction today.
Does CBAMCheck cover all Turkish sectors?
Yes. Steel (4.097), aluminium (3.323), cement (1.95), fertilisers (1.516) — all preconfigured with Turkey-specific defaults.
Is this a subscription?
No. One-time payment. The licence includes 30 days of editing and 10 regenerations. The downloaded dossier is yours to keep.
Can I get a refund?
Upon activating the licence you give express consent for immediate generation of digital content pursuant to Art. 16(m) of Directive (EU) 2011/83, waiving the 14-day withdrawal right. Refunds are accepted only for a reproducible technical fault.
What if the regulation changes?
If the regulation changes during your licence validity, you can regenerate the document with the updated version of the generator at no extra cost.
⚠️ Important notice: CBAMCheck is a self-assessment documentation tool, not legal advice and not a third-party audit. The document is generated from your input data. You are responsible for the accuracy of the data you provide. CBAMCheck does not replace a qualified professional assessment.

Turkey: most diversified CBAM origin. All sectors covered. €299.

12 deliverables. Turkey defaults: steel 4.097, aluminium 3.323, cement 1.95. EAF profile. €299.

€299 one-time
12 professional deliverables · Browser-side · No subscription · Reg. (EU) 2023/956
Generate your CBAM dossier — €299